Overview

Introduction

tclSADIE is an application for processing grayscale or color images for scientific and engineering applications, teaching, and research. It contains more than 50 commands for image analysis, contrast enhancement, spatial filtering, geometric processing, multispectral processing and classification.

tclSADIE was conceived at the University of Arizona by Dr. Robert Schowengerdt of the Digital Image Analysis Lab. The MacSADIE (Apple Macintosh) version was designed and written by Gerhard Mehldau of the Department of Computer Science with algorithm contributions from students in the Digital Image Analysis Lab. tclSADIE was adapted to UNIX by Steven Conner, Giribalan Gopalan, and James Engle by utilizing the tcl/tk toolkit to implement the SADIE (System at Arizona for Digital Image Experimentation) library, a package of portable C functions in the public domain, with a UNIX user interface.

The following hypertext document describes tclSADIE, a program that offers a wide variety of choices for analyzing and processing digital images. According to function, they are grouped into the following menus:

• Contrast
• Filter
• Geometry
• Multi [image]
• Classify
• Tools

In addition, the File menu provides for the creation of synthetic images and the input and output of images in different formats, the Edit menu allows for resetting default parameters, and the Windows menu controls tclSADIE’s color mode and gives easy access to any window on the desktop.

Familiarity with a typical UNIX X-Windows environment is assumed; in particular, this document assumes knowledge of windows, menus, icons, and dialogs, as well as, how to point, click, select, and drag. If these terms seem unfamiliar, please reference your window manager's documentation. To simplify references to tclSADIE commands, the command sequence will be referred to as:
Menu > Command > Subcommand.

This document assumes a knowledge of basic image processing and remote sensing concepts and terminology. For an introductory text on image processing for remote sensing see, for example,

• R. A. Schowengerdt, Techniques for Image Processing and Classification in Remote Sensing, Academic Press, New York, NY, 1983,
• R.A. Schowengerdt, Remote Sensing: Models and Methods for Image Processing, Academic Press, San Diego, CA, 1997, or
• J. A. Richards, Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis: An Introduction, Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany, 1986.

Image Model

Digital images in tclSADIE may be thought of as three-dimensional arrays (cubes) with indices i,j,k as shown below. Image coordinates for an m-by-n-by-o image range from one to m bands (front-to-back), one to n lines (top-to-bottom) and one to o pixels (left-to-right), respectively. Each pixel has m graylevel values associated with it, one for each band in the image. The full precision of real numbers on the computer is used to represent graylevels during processing, eliminating virtually any concern about unwanted numerical truncation or overflow. Thus, a disk file image with eight bits/pixel will be converted upon opening to a memory-resident image with possible graylevels 1.0, 2.0, …, 255.0. Subsequent image processing may introduce non-integer pixel values, which will be retained during processing. Upon saving a processed image to disk, the default storage format is 32 bits/pixel (i.e., the data is stored in floating point format), but the option is given to pack the data to fewer bits/pixel.

System Requirements

tclSADIE is distributed for (2) common platforms:

• Sun Workstations using SunOS (5.5+)
• Intel PCs using LINUX (2.2.16+)

tclSADIE requires a workstation running X Windows. 32 Mb of RAM is the minimum requirement, however, 64-128 Mb is a more practical level. Significant swap space may also be required depending on the size of images loaded. A minimum of 15 Mb of disk space is required to install the distribution files plus additional disk space for images.

tclSADIE has been tested and successfully run on Sun Workstations using SunOS (5.5+) and PCs running Red Hat LINUX (5.2+).

tclSADIE has been compiled with other UNIX operating systems. Please contact dial@ece.arizona.edu for details and complete source code for compilation.

Installation

The distribution archive files: tclSadie-x.y.z-solaris.tar.gz -or- tclSadie-x.y.z-linux.tar.gz are available via anonymous ftp from modis.ece.arizona.edu in the directory /pub/outgoing/tclSadie. Each file contains the the current version of tclSadie pre-compiled for the specified platform. x.y.z refers to the current version of the software. In general, you should choose the file with the largest number. The distribution archive files also contain all of the HTML documentation contained herein in the directory .../tclSadie-x.y.z/tclSadie/doc when uncompressed.

After downloading the archive files, they may be uncompressed with the following command:

gunzip -c tclSadie-x.y.z-PLATFORM.tar.gz | tar -xvf -
where PLATFORM = solaris or linux.

A directory titled tclSadie-x.y.z/ will be created that contains all the required files.

Please refer to the README and INSTALL files for the required steps to complete tclSadie installation.

The tclSadie application may be invoked by:

• Changing to the ...tclSadie-x.y.z/tclSadie/ directory and typing tclSadie at the command prompt (csh-type shells).
• Changing to the ...tclSadie-x.y.z/tclSadie/ directory and typing ./tclSadie at the command prompt (bash-type shells).

IMPORTANT: It helps to have some experience setting up software under UNIX before attempting this installation. See your local system manager for assistance, or contact dial@ece.arizona.edu for assistance.

Accessing tclSADIE at the University of Arizona

Method 1 - This method is available for students with access to a Solaris X-windows system in the ECE Department (e.g. the Graduate Lab Rm. 226 and other workstations in the ece.arizona.edu domain).

For students who have access to a Solaris Xwindows system in the ECE Department, it is possible to run tclSadie directly as follows:

1. Login to an ECE UNIX workstation with X-windows.
2. type tclSadie
   tclSadie should now be up and running!
3. Files may be opened and saved in your personal directory.

Method 2 - This method is available for students with access to a non-Solaris X-windows system on campus (e.g. CCIT Xterm lab)

For students who have access to a non-Solaris Xwindows system on campus (e.g.CCIT Xterm lab), it is possible to run tclSadie from our lab computer and display it on your local terminal as follows:

1. Login to an X-terminal or a UNIX workstation with X-windows.
2. On the CCIT X-terminals, the xhost command should be available from the Start -> Applications -> XHost menu. Add modis.ece.arizona.edu to the list. If your terminal does not contain the "Start" menu, you may type - xhost modis.ece.arizona.edu - at the command line to allow an xhost session from modis.ece.arizona.edu on your local machine.
3. In an X-terminal window, type - telnet modis.ece.arizona.edu
4. Login to modis.ece.arizona.edu using the following name and password:
   Login Name: dials
   Password: *dialstu1
5. Find the name of the computer you are using. In CCIT X-Term labs, the nameshould be labeled on the front of the monitor.
6. In the modis session window, type:
   setenv DISPLAY COMPUTERNAME:0
   whereCOMPUTERNAME is replaced by the name of the computer you are using. (e.g.: if you are using xterm123.ccit.arizona.edu, type - setenv DISPLAY xterm123.ccit.arizona.edu:0
7. In the modis window, type - tclSadie
   tclSadie should now be up and running!

NOTES for Method 2:

1. When connected to modis.ece.arizona.edu in this manner, you are connected as user "dials". Image files that you create will not be stored in your home directory, but in the "dials" user account home directory. You should use ftp to transfer files you create during your session to your home directory.
2. Any files stored in the "dials" user account home directory are subject to removal at any time. You should not count on them being there the next time you log in.