Term Writing Project: Formats for citing and referencing your sources
Nats101 Section 51, 52
Clear and consistent citation and referencing allows your
reader to follow your argument and to see how well it is backed up by prior
research. There are many different ways to properly cite and reference
your sources. For this term writing assignment, the following examples
constitute the “NATS101 IGC STYLE OF FORMATTING” THAT YOU SHOULD USE. It is a bit of a hybrid of other formats for
citing and referencing your sources for which you are probably already familiar.
Use in-text citations to support statements that are not common
knowledge and any quotes you might use. If you have one or two authors, give
their last names and the publication year as your citation, in
parentheses. An example might be (Johnson,
2002) or (Smith & Jones, 2007). If
you have 3 or more authors, use “et al.” after the first author, as in (Liu
et al., 2000).
For example, here's a paragraph with parenthetical citations:
Atmospheric
CO2 concentration records are now available from ice cores such as that taken
at Law Dome in
References Cited
Etheridge, D.M., Steele, L.P., Langenfelds, R.L., Francey, R.J.,
Barnola, J.-M. & Morgan V.I. (1998).
Historical CO2 records from the Law Dome DE08, DE08-2 and DSS ice cores. Carbon
Dioxide Information Analysis Centre, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, US
Department of Energy, Oak Ridge, USA.
Keeling, C.D., Mook,
W.G. & Tans, P.P. (1979).
Recent trends in the 13C/12C ratio of atmospheric dioxide. Nature, 277,
121-123.
Tans, P.P. (2006). Interhemispheric comparison of CO2 concentrations in the NOAA flask network.
Journal of Geophysical Research, 88, 16417-17425.
First Author’s last name, First and Second Initial., & Second Author’s last name, First and Second Initial. (Year). Title italicized. Publication location: Publishing company.
Example:
Gonzalez,
A., & Norwine, J. (1998). The New Third World.
§ Article or chapter in a book with an editor:
Author’s (of article or chapter)
last name, First and Second Initial. (Year). Title of article or chapter. In Editor’s First and Second
initial and last name (Ed.) Title of book italicized. (page numbers). Publication location: Publishing
company.
Example:
Ong. W. J. (9182). Oral Remembering and
Narrative Structures.In D. Tannen
(Ed.), Analyzing
Discourse: Text and Talk. (pp. 12 - 24).
Author’s last name, First and Second Initial., Author’s last name, First and Second Initial., & Author’s last name, First and Second Initial. (Year). Article title. Journal title, volume number italicized(issue number), page numbers.
Example:
White, S., Winzelberg, A., & Norlin, J. (1992). Laughter and
stress.
Humor, 5(3), 343-55.
Author’s last name, First and Second
Initial. (Year, Month Date). Article title. Journal
title, volume number (if given) italicized, page numbers.
Example:
Stein,
J. (2003 Aug. 4). Just say om.
Time, 162,
48-57.
Author's
Last Name, Initial(s).
(Date of document). Title of document. Title of complete work [if applicable]. (Edition
or revision [if applicable]). Protocol and address, or name of database
and database publisher (Access path or directories or document or file number).
(Date of access).
Specific referencing styles for online sources are:
Trupe, A.L. (2002). Academic literacy in a
wired world: Redefining genres for college writing courses. Kairos:
Rhetoric, Technology, Pedagogy, 7(2). http://english.ttu.edu/kairos/
(7 June 2006).
American
Chemical Society. (2006). Chemistry.org. http://www.chemistry.org/portal/a/c/s/1/home.html
(24 Mar. 2006).
Burman, S., & Allen-Meares, P. (1994). Neglected victims of murder: Children’s witness to
parental homicide. Social Work, 39(1), 28-34. Academic Search Premier. EbscoHost.
(AN #9403302574). (25 July 2006).
CBS
News. (2006,
January 16). MLK Jr.’s legacy
[Video]. CBS Evening News.
http://www.cbsnews.com (Keyword: Videos/MLK) (24 Mar. 2006).
For files without titles, use the file name instead.
press-image4.jpg [Graphic]. http://universe.nasa.gov/images/press-image4.jpg
(27 Mar. 2006).
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