NATS-101 Intro. to Global Change Fake Quiz 4 FOR M/C SELECT BEST ANSWER AMONG
CHOICES
The quiz will cover
lecture material from March 23-April 1 (corresponding readings Mar. 2, 4, 6, 9,
23, 25)
___1.
The seasonal fluctuations in atmospheric CO2 measurements are
generated from photosynthesis and respiration of Earth's biosphere. You would find the greatest amplitude of
fluctuation ______________________.
A.
at the equator B. at the South Pole C. in Alaska D. in Australia E.
everywhere; it is uniform world-wide
___2.
The current atmospheric CO2 concentration is ________________.
A.
around 385 ppm C.
the lowest it has ever been
B.
the highest it has ever been D.
around 8 Gigatons
___3.
Evidence that the massive extinction 250 million years ago may have been cause
by a meteorite/asteroid impact comes from the presence of ______ in sedimentary
rocks of that age.
A.
iridium anomalies C.
“Bucky Balls” containing gases of extraterrestrial isotopic composition
B. nickel anomalies D. cone-in-cone
structures in dinosaur bones
___4.
About _______% of mass/energy is
transferred from one trophic level to the next level above it.
A.
0 B. 10 C. 75 D.
100
___5.
As a result of #4, more people can be fed if they eat _______ directly.
A.
secondary consumers B.
primary producers C. primary
consumers D. abiotic components
___6.
The 38,000 Gt of carbon in the marine hydrosphere (ocean) is dominantly
found in which one of these forms/compounds?
A.
kerogen B.
limestone C. CH2O D.
HCO3- E.
CH4
___7. One of the human-related threats to coral
reefs is decreasing _____ of the ocean because of increasing atmospheric CO2.
A.
temperature B.
salinity C.
pH D.
bicarbonate
___8.
Which one of the following is not a pool/reservoir/box in the global carbon
cycle? (it is a
flux)
A. oceans B.
biosphere C. respiration D.
atmosphere
___9.
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism whereby humans input the greenhouse
gas, CO2, to the atmosphere?
A.
calcining (cement manufacture) B. fossil-fuel burning C. land-use changes D. nuclear power plants
___10.
In the late-1950s, _____ established the first continuous world monitoring of
atmospheric CO2 levels (at Mauna Loa).
A.
Suess B.
Malthus C.
Ehrlich D.
Keeling E.
Fuller
___11.
Which of the following would be a renewable energy resource (in terms of
the perspective of human lifetimes)?
A.
coal B. oil C.
natural gas D. ethanol/alcohol E. uranium
___12. The flux that transfers CO2 from the atmosphere to the
terrestrial biosphere is _________________.
A. respiration B. dissolution C. combustion D. photosynthesis
____13. Invasive grasses in the US Southwest are
expected to expand because of future global change. One of the big problems with these grasses is
that they _______ that kill native species.
A.
produce poisons B. form
creeping vines C. support wildfires D. repel
pollinators
____14. The study of
recurring biological phases such as budbreak, flowering, migration, etc. is
_______.
A. Circadian rhythms B. phasing C. bio-obs D.
phenology
____15. In the Amazon rain
forest, the biggest limitation to plant growth is commonly _________.
A. light B. beavers C. water D.
temperature
16.
Describe in complete but simple terms why the carbon cycle is “out of balance”
(as a result of human activities).
17. How is it that rubber
bath-tub ducks tell us something about surface ocean circulation?
18.
What are “land-use changes” in the context of this class?
19.
Tropical rain forests and savannas have similar amounts of dry organic matter
yet they look very different. How does its distribution differ between biomass
and dead organic matter?
20.
Why is the biomass in the oceans about 200 times greater than that in the
ocean, even though they have similar annual productivity?
21.
What is an invasive species? Give an
example of one.
22.
What is the cause of the seasonal pattern of maxima and minima in CO2
concentrations every year?
23.
What is an estuary? Are estuaries and
coral reef high productivity or low productivity aquatic biomes?