NATS-101 Make-Believe
Quiz 3
FOR M/C SELECT SINGLE
BEST ANSWER AMONG CHOICES
The quiz will cover lecture material from Feb. 17 through
Mar. 3 inclusive (and associated material from texts from approximately Feb. 10
through start of March 1) plus Eilperin reading.
1. The process whereby nutrient-rich deep waters rise to
the surface and support a flourishing shallow-water food web along the west
coast of
A. Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) C. El Niño E.
tides
B. . thermohaline circulation D. upwelling F.
Gulf Stream
2. The base of food webs (chains) are composed of
(1)______ that capture solar energy by (2) .
A. (1) herbivores,
(2) eating C.
(1) plants, (2) albedo E.
(1) plants, (2) photosynthesis
B. (1) carnivores,
(2) eating D.
(1) plants, (2) upwelling
3. During the Younger Dryas event, thermohaline
circulation may have been shut down by which of these mechanisms?
A. increased ocean biomass C. input of glacial meltwater
from
B. massive biomass extinction in the N. Atlantic D. accelerated activity of the
inter-tropical convergence zone
4. The chemical composition of ocean water is dominated
by .
A. sodium and chloride C. argon and carbon dioxide
B. nitrogen and oxygen D.
potassium and nitrate
5. Surface ocean currents are driven by (1)________ and
commonly move in a circular pattern called (2)________.
A. (1) density,
(2) downwelling C.
(1) wind, (2) gyres E.
(1) gravity, (2) tides
B. (1) wind, (2)
horse latitudes D.
(1) density, (2) upwelling
6. At the same temperature, which of these waters would
have the highest density?
A. rain water B.
sea water C. river
water D. distilled
water
7. The densest ocean water in the world is generated .
A. in the
B. near the
8. Which of the following would NOT be associated with Big El Niño
events?
A. warm water along West coast of
B. high rainfall in southwestern
9. In order to reconstruct annual amount
of water that was carried by a stream before the availability of instrumental
records of annual stream discharge (flow), which of the following would usually
be the best climate proxy?
A. ice cores B.
speleothems C. sediment D. pollen E. packrat middens F.
tree rings
10. A teleconnection would best be described as which of
the following?
A. conference phone call of global change researchers C.
phone solicitation of $ for global change research
B. long-distance linkage of climate events D. Earth monitoring with satellite telescopes
11. Given initial warming
by greenhouse gases, an example of a positive feedback would be
________________.
A. melting of ice caps and decreased albedo => warming C. melting of ice caps and decreased
albedo => cooling
B. melting of ice caps and increased albedo => warming D. melting of ice caps and increased
albedo => cooling
12. From about 1977 to now, the
A. thermohaline circulation C.
the Coriolis effect E.
ENSO
B. upwelling D.
the PDO F.
the Younger Dryas
13.
A cubic meter of air with 50% relative humidity at ______ will have the
most water.
A. 0°C B. 25°C C. 40°C D.
none of the above, they would all have the same amount
14. The process transferring water
from the Earth’s surface to the atmosphere could best be described as_______.
A. sublimation B.
precipitation C.
evapotranspiration D. runoff
15. By what mechanisms does ocean water in the Arctic and
Antarctic get very dense (and sink downward)?
16. Modeling of future climate suggests what will happen
to precipitation at low latitudes and at high latitudes?
17. What is "thermohaline" circulation, and
what is being transported by it? How
might its disturbance lead to future global change? How might it be disturbed?
18. Where around the world might you expect to find
substantially reduced precipitation (drought) associated with El Niño events? What about increased precipitation?
19. What is(are) cause(s) of sea-level rise?
20. What is the justification for the South Pole being
very dry (little precipitation)?
21. Give a local and a global problem associated with
melting of Arctic permafrost?
22. What are the 2 main reasons for current sea-level
rise into the 21st Century?
23. What is a “tipping point” in regard to global climate
change? (hint: see Eilperin
reading)
24. How is it that rubber bath-tub ducks tell us
something about surface ocean circulation?