Nats101
Sect 41, 42
Introduction to Global Change
Midterm
Study Guide
Exam Time/Date-
Noon, Wednesday March 10
Exam composition-
To Be Determined (this will be
updated)
Material-
All lecture material through March 8
All associated readings (textbooks and other readings), which include readings through March 1st in syllabus, maybe some from March 3 (Actual lectures have fallen behind about 3 periods compared to the plan in the syllabus)
What to study-
In addition to the readings and your own lecture notes…….
the sample quizzes and actual quizzes plus the “class notes” summary of each lecture provided by Prof. Leavitt should be helpful.
Material related to in-class writing exercise lessons may also appear on Midterm Exam.
Terminology-
Atomic number core-mantle-crust Wien’s law
Mass number troposphere-stratosphere terrestrial radiation
Proton cyanobacteria solar radiation
Electron BIF- banded iron formations weather
Neutron ITCZ climate
Isotopes convection latent heat
Fusion radiation specific heat
Fission conduction TDS
Big Bang Hadley Cell cohesion
Red shift Coriolis Effect adhesion
Entropy albedo IPCC
Covalent bonds Younger Dryas upwelling
Atmosphere Hydrosphere Cryosphere
Biosphere teleconnection “hockey stick” curve
Permafrost methane
hydrate
Salt water intrusion Gulf Stream ENSO
Polar Cell Ferrell Cell ground water
Relative humidity runoff Doppler Effect
Medieval Warm Period Little Ice Age sink/source
Mole gyres ozone layer
Tree rings menhaden fire scar
Concepts-
Conversion of units
Scientific notation
Periodic Table and the origin of elements
Laws of thermodynamics
Solar Nebula Hypothesis
Differentiation of the Earth into its layers
Plate tectonics/plate boundaries
Uneven distribution of resources/raw materials around the world (fossil fuel; metals)
Current composition of the Earth’s atmosphere
Evolution of the composition of the Earth’s atmosphere from early Earth to now
Temperature on Fahrenheit, Celsius and Kelvin scales
General circulation in the Earth’s atmosphere (convection cells, rising/sinking air, winds, etc)
“Rules of electromagnetic radiation”
Earth’s radiation budget
“Greenhouse effect” vs. “enhance greenhouse effect”
Properties of water
Thermohaline circulation- past and future climate
Mechanisms for increasing salinity of sea water
Surface ocean circulation
Food chains/webs and biomass and energy
El Niño/La Niña and food chains, weather, teleconnections
Positive and negative feedbacks with respect to global climate change
Consequences of Arctic warming
Consequences of sea-level rise
World-wide global warming over the past 120 years and uneven nature of that warming
IPCC predictions for this century in regard to warming, sea level, ice sheets, El Niño,
thermohaline circulation, precipitation, drought
Sources of energy/power for society deriving directly or indirectly from the sun
Choice of latitudes to sail east or west in the Pacific and
Location of deserts and areas of greatest storminess
Cause of seasons
Tipping point
The hydrologic cycle- reservoirs and fluxes
Figures from
Mackenzie text that were emphasized in the lectures (either in the exact form
they appear in the text, or a similar figure from another source)-
F1.9, F2.1, F2.2, F2.4, F3.1, Box 3-1, F3.2, F3.3, F3.8, F3.9, F4.1, F4.4, F4.6, F4.7, F4.11, F4.12, F4.13, F4.14, F4.15, F4.16, F4.18, F4.19, F5.4, F5.5, F5.6, F5.7, F5.8, F7.1, F7.3, F7.4, F7.5, F8.20
Table 3.1, Table 4.1, Table 4.2, Table 5.3
From Mann-Kump book, the following pages/images are particularly
relevant to lectures-
p. 10-15, p. 22-25, p. 33-37, p. 47, 50, 58-61, 64, 88-93, 98-103, 124-125, 128, 138-139