FHX2: Fire History Software
Best when viewed with Netscape.
What is FHX2?
FHX2 is software developed to analyze the fire history of forests
revealed by fire scars and other fire-related injuries found in the
annual growth rings of trees. FHX2 provides a means for entering,
archiving, storing, editing, and manipulation of fire history
information from tree rings, which in turn, provides a more efficient
mechanism for data storage and exchange. FHX2 creates master fire
charts displaying fire chronologies for individual trees or for
individual sites. FHX2 has powerful statistical functions for
analyzing the seasonality of past fires, temporal changes in fire
regimes, or spatial differences in fire occurrence between sites. FHX2
also provides access to a superposed epoch analysis program for
analyzing the relationship between past fire and climate.
The Graphics Module creates, displays, and prints master
fire charts. Each horizontal line can represent one tree, a subsite,
composite information for an entire site, or an entire region. Each small
vertical bar represents a dated fire event.
What is contained in the FHX2 system:
File Name | Function |
FHX2.EXE | Main program that launches other modules |
FHGRAPH.EXE | Creates screen and hardcopy graphics |
FHSTATS.EXE | Provides in-depth statistical functions |
FHENTER.EXE | Allows easy data entry |
FHIMPORT.EXE | Imports data from the LTRR database |
FHEVENT.EXE | Performs superposed epoch analysis |
FHREAD.EXE | File viewer called by statistics module |
FHINFO.EXE | Provides hardware information |
DSHELL.EXE | Executes a DOS shell |
VIEW.EXE | Views fire history graphics onscreen |
PLOT.EXE | Plots fire history graphics to hardcopy |
INSTALL.EXE | Installs the graphics/printing devices |
INSTALL.DLB | Driver library for graphics/printing devices |
PET.DAT | Sample demonstration data file |
*.SYM | All fonts used for graphing |
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The Main Menu of the Statistics Module. FHX2 can analyze
fire seasonality, fire intervals, temporal stability, or spatial
differences in past fire regimes.
Downloading information:
Download the program EXTRACT.EXE (ca 400 KB). If you have difficulty using your
Web browser to download this, you might try an FTP client to our
anonymous FTP site,
ftp.LTRR.Arizona.EDU,
remembering to set binary mode when you transfer the file (conversely if
you have difficulty with FTP, try here instead). Once you have
transferred the file over to the proper subdirectory, simply type
extract at the prompt and the file will self-extract. Once
the files are extracted, the file EXTRACT.EXE can be copied and
stored for later use and deleted from the current subdirectory. Do not
attempt to run the EXTRACT file until it is copied to the proper
subdirectory.
Acknowledgements:
Many individuals helped significantly with the development and
testing of the FHX2 software. I first must thank the Laboratory of
Tree-Ring Research for providing me with facilities and computers on
which to develop this software. Dr. Thomas W. Swetnam is the driving
force behind our fire history/ecology research, and to him I am
particularly grateful. Kiyomi Morino offered numerous helpful
suggestions in all stages of the development of this software, and this
software benefits greatly from her comments, suggestions, and testing.
Ramzi Touchan and Craig Allen also tested the software in its earliest
stages, and suggested many useful ideas that improved the software. The
comments and ideas of Tony Caprio, Chris Baisan, and Linda Mutch are
also greatly appreciated. If any users have ideas on how they would
like to see this software improved, please drop me a message at the
e-mail address below.
Purchasing Information:
As much as I would like to dispense this software free to research,
academic, and federal institutions, I simply can not. I arranged a
license agreement with Golden Software to distribute their software and
files (programs VIEW, PLOT, INSTALL, and all fonts) in return for a
cash payment to be made every time a copy of this software is
distributed. Unless otherwise arranged with me, by obtaining this
software, you agree to purchase this software for the sum total of
$129.95 made payable to me at the address given below. Feel free to
contact me for further information.
Proper Citation:
NOTE: As with any software, I expect proper citation to be given to this
software when used for your research, just as you would programs ARSTAN and
COFECHA, for example. If you don't have my dissertation, then you can use the
User's Manual as the proper citation.
Grissino-Mayer, H.D. 1995. Tree-ring reconstructions of climate
and fire history at El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico.
Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Arizona, Tucson. 407 pp.
or
Grissino-Mayer, Henri D. 1995. FHX2: Software for the
Analysis of Fire History from Tree Rings. Laboratory of Tree-Ring
Research, The University of Arizona, Tucson.
For additional references, this software was extensively used in the
following studies (listed chronologically):
Grissino-Mayer, H.D., Baisan, C.H., and Swetnam, T.W. 1994. Fire history
and age structure analyses in the mixed-conifer and spruce-fir forests of
the Pinaleno Mountains, southeastern Arizona. Final Report, Mt. Graham Red
Squirrel Study Committee, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Forest
Service, Phoenix, AZ. 73 pp.
Grissino-Mayer, H.D. 1995. Tree-ring reconstructions of climate
and fire history at El Malpais National Monument, New Mexico.
Ph.D. dissertation, The University of Arizona, Tucson. 407 pp.
Ortloff, W., Goldammer, J.G., Schweingruber, F.H., and Swetnam, T.W.
1995. Jahrringanalytische Untersuchungen zur Feuergeschichte
eines Bestandes von Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. in den Santa Rita
Mountains, Arizona, USA. [Dendrochronological investigations of fire history
in Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws. stands of the Santa Rita Mountains,
Arizona, USA.] Forstarchiv 66: 206-214.
Grissino-Mayer, H.D., Baisan, C.H., and Swetnam, T.W. 1995.
Fire history in the Pinaleno Mountains of southern Arizona: Effects of human-
related disturbances. In Debano, L.F., Gottfried, G.J., Hamre, R.H., Edminster,
C.B., Ffolliott, P.F., and Ortega-Rubio, A., eds., Biodiversity and Management
of the Madrean Archipelago: The Sky Islands of Southwestern United States and
Northwestern Mexico. Ft. Collins, CO: USDA Forest Service, General
Technical Report RM-GTR-264: 399-407.
Guyette, R.P., and Dey, D.C. 1995. A presettlement fire history in
an oak-pine forest near Basin Lake, Algonquin Park, Ontario.
Ontario Forestry Research Institute Forest Research Report 132.
7 pp.
Guyette, R.P., Dey, D.C., and McDonell, C. 1995. Determining fire
history from old white pine stumps in an oak-pine forest in
Bracebridge, Ontario. Ontario Forestry Research Institute
Forest Research Report 133. 9 pp.
Morino, K.A. 1996. Reconstruction and interpretation of historical
patterns of fire occurrence in the Organ Mountains, New Mexico. M.S.
thesis, The University of Arizona, Tucson. 144 pp.
McCord, V.A.S. 1996. Flood history reconstruction in Frijoles
Canyon using flood-scarred trees. In C.D. Allen, ed., Fire Effects
in Southwestern Forests: Proceedings of the Second La Mesa Fire
Symposium. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report
RM-GTR-286: 33-46.
Touchan, R., Allen, C.D., and Swetnam, T.W. 1996. Fire
history and climatic patterns in ponderosa pine and mixed-conifer
forests of the Jemez Mountains, northern New Mexico. In C.D. Allen,
ed., Fire Effects in Southwestern Forests: Proceedings of the Second La
Mesa Fire Symposium. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report RM-GTR-286:
33-46.
Swetnam, T.W., and Baisan, C.H. 1996. Historical fire regime patterns in
the Southwestern United States since AD 1700. In C.D. Allen, ed., Fire
Effects in Southwestern Forests: Proceedings of the Second La Mesa Fire
Symposium. USDA Forest Service General Technical Report
RM-GTR-286: 11-32.
A List of Current Users:
Craig Allen, Jemez Mountains Field Station, National Biological
Survey, Bandelier National Monument, Los Alamos, NM 87544-9701 USA
Thomas B. Bragg, Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences,
University of Nebraska - Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182-0040 USA
Peter Brown, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station,
240 W. Prospect Rd., Ft. Collins, CO 80526 USA
Jack Burk, Department of Biological Sciences, California State
University - Fullerton, 800 N. State College Blvd., Fullerton, CA, 92634 USA
Joel Carlson, Woodland and Natural Areas Office, University of New
Hampshire, 102 Pettee Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA
Lori D. Daniels, Department of Geography, Campus Box 270, University
of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309-0270 USA
Peter Z. Fule, School of Forestry, P.O. Box 15018, Northern Arizona
University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA
Robert W. Gray, San Carlos Apache Tribe, Division of Forestry, San
Carlos, AZ 85550 USA
Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, The
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
Richard P. Guyette, I-30 Agriculture Building, The School of Natural
Resources, The University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65211 USA
Emily Heyerdahl, College of Forest Resources, University of Washington,
Seattle, WA 98195 USA
Bob Keeland, National Wetlands Research Center, 700 Cajun Dome Blvd.,
Lafayette, LA 70506 USA
Karel Klinka, Forest Sciences Dept., 270-2357 Main Mall, University of
British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, CANADA V6T 1Z4
Hannu Lehtonen, Karelian Institute, Section of Ecology, P.O. Box 111,
University of Joensuu, SF-80101 Joensuu, FINLAND
Ken Lertzman, School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon
Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, CANADA V5A 1S6
Richard Miller, HC71 4.51 Hwy 205, Burns, OR 97720 USA
Renzo Motta, Dep. AGROSELVITER, University of Turin, Via Leonardo Da
Vinci 44, I - 10095 Grugliasco, ITALY
Michael Murray, 314 Cherry Street, Moscow, ID 83843 USA
Robert Olson, USDA Forest Service, Lassen National Forest, 55 S.
Sacramento St., Susanville, CA 96130 USA
Wolfgang Ortloff, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow, and
Landscape Research, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, SWITZERLAND
William Romme, Department of Biology, Fort Lewis College, Durango,
CO 81301-3999 USA
Carl Skinner, USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station,
2400 Washington Ave., Redding, CA 96001 USA
Sydney Smith, Modoc National Forest, USDA Forest Service, 1800 W.
12th Str., Alturas, CA 96101 USA
Paul Sneed, Department of Environmental Studies, Prescott College,
Prescott, AZ 86301 USA
Thomas W. Swetnam, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, The University
of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA
Elaine Kennedy Sutherland, U.S. Forest Service, Northeastern Forest
Experiment Str., 359 Main Rd, Delaware, OH 43015 USA
Alan Taylor, Department of Geography, The Pennsylvania State University,
University Park, PA 16802 USA
Thomas T. Veblen, Department of Geography, University of Colorado,
Boulder, CO 80309 USA
For more information, contact Henri D. Grissino-Mayer, Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, 520-621-7681, (grissino@LTRR.Arizona.EDU)